Age-related
Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition that damages the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision. While peripheral vision often remains intact, AMD makes it difficult to see fine details, whether up close or far away. It is the leading cause of vision loss in people over 50.
Types of AMD
There are two main types of AMD. Dry AMD, the most common form, affects around 80% of patients. It occurs when the macula thins with age and protein deposits called drusen form. Vision loss is usually gradual, and while no cure currently exists, clinical trials are underway to find a treatment to slow progression. Wet AMD is less common but more severe. It develops when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina, leaking fluid and causing scarring. This leads to faster vision loss than dry AMD.
Risk Factors
Risk factors include smoking, obesity, diets high in saturated fat, heart disease, high cholesterol, being over 50, and family history. Regular eye checks are vital, as many people do not notice AMD until their vision becomes very blurry.
Treatment and Management
Treatment for macular degeneration depends on the type and severity of the condition. While dry macular degeneration currently has no cure, monitoring and lifestyle modifications may help slow progression. Wet macular degeneration is commonly treated with intravitreal injections that reduce abnormal blood vessel growth and fluid leakage. Support is available to help people make the most of their remaining vision. Low vision aids, rehabilitation specialists, and services such as Vision Australia provide training, technology, and mobility support to help individuals maintain independence.
Macular Degeneration Frequently Asked Questions
Can macular degeneration be cured?
There is currently no cure for macular degeneration, but treatments are available to slow progression and manage symptoms, particularly for wet macular degeneration.
How often should I have my eyes checked if I have macular degeneration?
Your ophthalmologist will recommend an appropriate review schedule, which may range from several weeks to several months depending on the severity.
Does macular degeneration cause total blindness?
Macular degeneration affects central vision but usually does not cause complete blindness, as peripheral vision is typically preserved.
Are clinical trials available for macular degeneration?
Some patients may be eligible to participate in clinical trials investigating new treatments, which can be discussed during your consultation.
If you are experiencing changes in your central vision or have concerns about macular degeneration, contact 02 9221 3755 to book an appointment with our experienced retina specialists.
